Spine Surgery

Spine surgery is a specialized medical procedure aimed at correcting structural abnormalities in the spine that cause pain, instability, or neurological deficits. It is typically recommended when conservative treatments—such as medication, physical therapy, or injections—fail to relieve symptoms. Common indications for spine surgery include herniated discs, spinal stenosis, degenerative disc disease, scoliosis, spondylolisthesis, spinal fractures, tumors, or infections.

There are several types of spine surgeries, ranging from minimally invasive procedures to complex open surgeries. Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) involves smaller incisions, less tissue damage, reduced blood loss, and faster recovery times compared to traditional open surgery. Common procedures include discectomy (removal of a herniated disc), laminectomy (removal of part of the vertebra to relieve nerve pressure), spinal fusion (joining two or more vertebrae to prevent movement and reduce pain), and artificial disc replacement.

Advancements in technology such as intraoperative imaging, robotics, and navigation systems have significantly improved the precision and safety of spine surgeries. These techniques enhance the surgeon's ability to access the spine with minimal disruption to surrounding tissues, improving outcomes and reducing complications.

Recovery from spine surgery varies depending on the type of procedure and the patient’s overall health. Most patients experience relief from symptoms and regain mobility with proper post-operative care, which may include physiotherapy, pain management, and lifestyle modifications.

Spine surgery can significantly enhance quality of life by alleviating chronic pain, improving function, and preventing neurological deterioration. However, it also carries risks such as infection, bleeding, nerve injury, and the possibility of failed back surgery syndrome. Therefore, a thorough evaluation and discussion with a spine specialist are essential to determine the most appropriate treatment plan tailored to each individual’s condition.